Peter the Great :: History, Informative

PETER THE GREAT Peter the Great born on May 30, 1672. He shared power with his brother from 1682, but when Ivan died in 1696, Peter was officially declared Sovereign of all Russia. Peter was important because he wasn’t just any ruler, he created a regular army and navy. During his reign the Russian military increased from around 30,000 men in 1695, to about 300,000 men in 1725, and that included the newly formed navy. He completely changed the government into a bureaucratic state with its capital in St. Petersburg. Peter also changed the calendar to the same style used in most of Europe. He paid special attention to the development of science. He was a famous and skillful diplomat and a talented military leader. Under Peter's rule, Russia became a great European nation. In 1721, he proclaimed Russia an Empire and was accorded the title of Emperor of All Russia, Great Father of the Fatherland and "the Great." Some of his accomplishments are during the Great Northern War with Sweden, which lasted for nearly his entire reign. Russia eventually won the war with the signing of the Treaty of Nystadt in 1721. Although Russia had really won the war in 1709 at the battle of Poltava, Sweden continued to fight because of support from France and Britain. The results of the war made Russia the most powerful country in Northern Europe, and the undisputed master of the Baltic Sea. The Great Northern War also, and more importantly, made Peter know throughout Europe as a powerful, successful, and ultimately Western style leader of a respected nation. Peter the Great :: History, Informative PETER THE GREAT Peter the Great born on May 30, 1672. He shared power with his brother from 1682, but when Ivan died in 1696, Peter was officially declared Sovereign of all Russia. Peter was important because he wasn’t just any ruler, he created a regular army and navy. During his reign the Russian military increased from around 30,000 men in 1695, to about 300,000 men in 1725, and that included the newly formed navy. He completely changed the government into a bureaucratic state with its capital in St. Petersburg. Peter also changed the calendar to the same style used in most of Europe. He paid special attention to the development of science. He was a famous and skillful diplomat and a talented military leader. Under Peter's rule, Russia became a great European nation. In 1721, he proclaimed Russia an Empire and was accorded the title of Emperor of All Russia, Great Father of the Fatherland and "the Great." Some of his accomplishments are during the Great Northern War with Sweden, which lasted for nearly his entire reign. Russia eventually won the war with the signing of the Treaty of Nystadt in 1721. Although Russia had really won the war in 1709 at the battle of Poltava, Sweden continued to fight because of support from France and Britain. The results of the war made Russia the most powerful country in Northern Europe, and the undisputed master of the Baltic Sea. The Great Northern War also, and more importantly, made Peter know throughout Europe as a powerful, successful, and ultimately Western style leader of a respected nation.

Essay on the Irony of Pride in Pride and Prejudice -- Pride Prejudice

The Irony of Pride in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   Jane Austen uses the elements of both pride and prejudice to develop the satire in her novel. Austen presents pride as both a vice and a virtue. Austen first introduces pride as a vice of arrogance and prejudice, but as the characters in the novel develop so does the concept of pride. Towards the end of the novel pride becomes the vehicle for many of the noble actions taken by the main characters. Austen skillfully interweaves the two parts of pride, the plot, and the main characters so that they develop together in the book. When we get to the end of the novel, we are left with a fuller understanding of the complexities of pride.    Throughout the first part of the novel pride is seen as negative and destructive. It is characterized as being conceited and arrogant. The actions of the main characters seem to be guided by selfish pride. It is this kind of pride that leads the main characters to act in ways that causes themselves and others much distress and suffering. In fact, the tensions, misunderstandings, and hostilities between the two main leading characters, Mr. Darcy and Miss Elizabeth Bennet are byproducts of the vice of arrogant pride.    When we first meet Mr. Darcy at an assembly, he is perceived as a handsome exciting young man who holds much promise as a gentleman and future husband. But the assembly guests soon scrutinize his prideful manners and actions and he is found to be less then desirable. Mrs. Bennet, Elizabeth's mother, sees him as the "proudest, most disagreeable man in the world." His conceited and prideful disposition not only offends her, but most of company at the assembly. His arrogance consumes him and his character, and veils any good... ...ouse Publishers, 1996. Hennelly, Jr., Mark M. "Pride and Prejudice." Jane Austen: New Perspectives. ed. Janet Todd. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., 1983. Jane Austen Info Page. Henry Churchyard. U of Texas, Austin. 23 Nov. 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   <http://www.pemberly.com/janeinfo/janeinfo/html>. Kaplan, Deborah.   Structures of Status: Eighteenth-Century Social Experience as Form in Courtesy Books and Jane Austen's Novels. Diss. University of Michigan, 1979. Monaghan, David.   Jane Austen Structure and Social Vision.   New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1980. Poplawski, Paul.   A Jane Austen Encyclopedia.   Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998. Reidhead, Julia, ed. Norton Anthology of English Literature vol. 7, 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2000. Ward, David Allen. "Pride and Prejudice." Explicator. 51.1: (1992).   

Mormonism – Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

I. IntroductionMormons is the common name of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a Christian body to United States origin. The name is from the prophet Mormon, whose writings, members believe, form the sacred Book of Mormon.The present-day church is descended from the persecuted sect that established a self-sufficient colony in the barren dessert of Utah in 1847. The Mormons still have their major strength in Utah, but have expanded into other sections of the country and have made converts in many foreign countries. Headquarters are in Salt Lake City, Utah (Davies, 2003).The purpose of this study is to: (1) know the history of Mormonism; (2) analyze the beliefs, practices, and organization of the movement from a biblical (Christian) perspective and; (3) explain the movement’s response to Biblical claims of Jesus Christ as well as why or why not I believe this group deserves the label of Contemporary Religious Movement (Cult).II. BackgroundA. HistoryMorm onism was founded by Joseph Smith (1805-1844), who lived as a youth near Palmyra, western New York. At 14 he began to have visions. In 1827, he announced that after revelation in 1823 he found golden plates with hieroglyphics, which he translated with divine aid and published as the Book of Mormon (1830). The golden plates were not made public, but 11 men testified that they had seen them. Smith founded the church in 1830 with sex members. The sect grew rapidly in numbers (â€Å"Interview of Martin Harris†).In 1831 the Mormons established their first temple in Kirtland, Ohio, near Cleveland, but the group suffered severe financial problems and lost many of its members.  Other Mormons settled in Independence, Missouri. Soon forced to move because of the hostility of their neighbors, they next founded the town of their neighbors, they next founded the town of Far West in Caldwell County. In 1838-39 they were driven out of Missouri because of religious prejudice and fear of Mo rmon political power.The refugees next settled in Commerce, Illinois, and renamed the town Nauvoo. Here on swampy land along the Mississippi the Mormons built an impressive city of about 20,000, then the largest city in Illinois. Again there was religious persecution and bitter strife over the growing political power of the Mormons. A new source of conflict was the doctrine of polygamy introduced by Joseph Smith. In 1844, Smith was murdered by a mob. Because of continued harassment by their neighbors, the Mormons abandoned Nauvoo in 1846 (â€Å"Mormonism’s History,† 2006).III. DiscussionThe Mormons believe their church is the true modern successor of the early church of Jesus Christ. The church’s aim â€Å"is to prepare the world, by the preaching of the restored gospel and the founding of the Latter-day Zion, for the Messiah’s second coming and the advent of the millennium.A. BeliefsThe Mormons accept the Bible as sacred and look upon the Book of Mormon as equal to it in authority. But I strongly believe that there is no book in the world that would equal to the Bible, not even the Book of Mormons because this Scripture (Bible) is God-breathed as stated in second Timothy chapter 3 verse 16 â€Å"All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting, and training in righteousness.† This would mean that the writers of the Bible are inspired and anointed by the Spirit of God (Barlow, 1997).The Book of Mormons tells the history of an ancient band of Jewish exiles believed by Mormons to be the ancestors of the American Indians but the Bible is silent about it. Other books of scripture are the Doctrine and Covenants, a collection of revelations given through the founder, Joseph Smith; and the Pearl of Great Price, containing the writings-not found in the Bible-which Mormons believe are revelation of Abraham and Moses. Moreover, I contest that the church should not be under the beliefs of its founder but s hould be followed by the teachings of Jesus Christ, who is the head of the church.The Mormons believe in continuous revelation by God. Yes, I agree to it but the revelation must always be in the context of the Scripture; thus, anything that is not in the word of God is not of God. In addition, the Mormons believe that God the Father and his son Jesus Christ appeared to Joseph Smith. Individual members may receive revelations from God for the guidance of their own lives. But only one man at a time may receive revelations from God for the whole church, and he is the president of the whole church. Mormons emphasize faith in Jesus Christ and repentance for sins (Barlow, 1997).I disagree to what the Mormons believe because no one ever sees God. Even Moses and Abraham and other great men of God did not see him face to face because no one can stand in his presence for he is a Holy God. When God appeared to Moses, God showed himself in a form of burning bush and Moses trembled because of Go d’s presence. Moreover, God can do anything he wants to do because he is an omnipotent God. He can speak to different people at the same time. He doesn’t only reveal himself and speak to the leader of the church but also reveal himself and speak to us individually through the Holy Spirit and his words because God has no favoritism.B. PracticesThe Mormons baptize by immersion for the remission of sins and practice laying of hands for the gift of the Holy Spirit. Holy Communion is celebrated with bread and water. In the Bible, the remission of sin is through the blood of Jesus Christ. Water baptism is mentioned in the Bible but it simply signifies that you buried your old life and new life has waited for you.The Mormons have two practices exclusive with them: baptism for the dead and celestial marriage. Baptism for the dead is chiefly for ancestors not baptized as Mormons; a living person is baptized in proxy for the dead. A celestial marriage is one in which a couple is married under the authority of the priesthood in a Mormon temple and is â€Å"sealed for eternity† so that in the celestial kingdom the family the family relationship will be resumed. Marriages outside a temple are for life on earth only (Givens, 1997). From the 1840’s until 1890, Mormon doctrine permitted â€Å"plural marriage,† or polygamy. I would say that these teachings are not found and written in the Bible. Our marriage to our partner here on earth is only temporary.Mormon temples are used only for secret rites, primarily those of celestial marriage and baptism of the dead. They are open only to Mormons of good standing. Sunday services are held in local churches called ward halls, and non-Mormons are welcomed. Visitors may also enter the Tabernacle in Salt Lake City, which is used for conferences and concerts (Davies, 2003).Mormonism looks upon health as a spiritual value and bans the use of liquor, tobacco, coffee, and tea. Recreation is encouraged. Th ere is emphasis on education and on work and thrift. The church operates a vast welfare program for its members who are in need, and it disapproves of public aid. Members support the church by tithing (giving one-tenth of their gross income).   On the other hand in the Bible, we are taught that our body is the temple of the Living God as stated in first Corinthians chapter 6 verses 19-20 that is why we should take care of our bodies because we need to glorify God—body, soul and Spirit.IV. ConclusionIn conclusion, I will base my belief according to the word of God which is the  Bible so I would say that Mormonism or the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is a cult because it does not follow fully to the word of God. They have practices and beliefs which cannot be found in the Scripture. As I said earlier, anything that is not from the word of God is not of God. Though they may claim that they believe on Jesus Christ yet their practices are not in line the teaching s of Jesus.Reference:1. â€Å"Mormonism’s History†. CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS AND RESEARCH   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   MINISTRY.      http://www.carm.org/lds/beginning.htm   2006.2. â€Å"Interview of Martin Harris.† https://user.xmission.com/~research/about/docum4.htm3. Barlow, Philip L. (1997). Mormons and the Bible: The Place of the Latter-Day Saints in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   American Religion. Oxford University Press. New York.4. Davies, Douglas J. (2003). An Introduction to Mormonism. Cambridge University Press.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cambridge, England.5. Givens, Terryl L. (1997). The Viper on the Hearth: Mormons, Myths, and the Construction of Heresy. Oxford University Press. New York

Economics and ethics Essay

Describe the tension that exists in businesses today between economics and ethics. Do you think that there really does have to be a tradeoff between economics and ethics? What strategies can be implemented to avoid this tension? Provide examples and research to support your thinking. The reading by Tima Bansal describes the back and forth tension of economics versus ethics. The article states, â€Å"On the one hand, social programs come at an economic cost and firms should not engage in activities that do not have a clear return. On the other hand, economic returns create social costs (Bansal, 2005).† The author then proceeds to explain that this tradeoff between ethics and economics isn’t necessary and that companies should find the overlapping space where activities are both financially profitable, and socially and environmentally responsible (Bansal, 2005) I agree with the author that companies need to be smart and make good decisions and it may take more effort, but if the effort is given the reward will be worth it. I don’t think a tradeoff is necessary if the effort is put forth like in the examples the author gives. By having cross-functional team meetings or involving the shareholders through community involvement in the two examples provided, the companies were able to meet the middle ground and maintain their responsibility (Bansal, 2005). I work for a small company and every month a charitable organization is supported through donations and the company matches what the employees contribute. I think it’s nice to have this involvement. With so many options, the company may have a tough time deciding on where it should contribute to society, but by letting the employees have a voice, they can openly affect those organizations that the employees feel would impact the most. Bansal, T. (2005). Building sustainable value through fiscal and social responsibility. Ivey Business Journal. Retrieved February 17, 2015, from http://iveybusinessjournal.com/publication/building-sustainable-value-through-fiscal-and-social-responsibility/ Final Project Milestone #2: The Three Spheres In a journal post titled 2-2: The Three Spheres, explain how your chosen company has demonstrated corporate citizenship in the economic, political, and civil spheres. Provide specific examples. Be sure to examine what the company says about itself, what you have experienced, and what other stakeholders have said or experienced. Cite at least two sources. This milestone will be graded using the Journal Rubric. Be sure to clearly address the questions in the prompt in your journal entry. The post should be at least 350-500 words, applying relevant research, citing at least two sources in each entry. Be as clear and scholarly as you can in your writing style; and of course, be sure your entry is free of errors in organization and grammar. Courtney Croce 2.2: The Three Spheres Target Corporation The three spheres of corporate social responsibility include economical, political, and civic. To achieve and maintain profitability, it’s said that corporations must learn to operate successfully within all three. Economics includes initiatives that help increase profits to the shareholders. Politics includes abiding by rules and laws and business power in society. Civil surrounds enhancing lives of the shareholders. Economically, Target has reduced it’s packaging on many levels of the items it sells. They also began using flexible envelopes in shipping online orders, which reduced packaging by 89 percent. As a result they expect to ship 50000 fewer pounds of cardboard every year. Other than offering lower prices Target wants its products to be made with integrity by qualified vendors who treat workers well, who obey the law, and whose processes minimize their effect on the environment. They’ve begun to do this by working closely with their vendors and setting clear expectations through Standards of Vendor Engagement. They require all vendors to behave to the principles they’ve established and they monitor their progress. Target starts with the basics from the political standpoint, which is ensuring they are abiding by every law and regulation that pertains to the business. They also expect all team members to behave with personal and professional integrity. To support their team members they clearly list the requirements in the Business Conduct Guide, they have a dedicated Corporate Compliance and Ethics Team, have teams focused on building and sustaining business compliance programs and offer integrity training. All of these initiatives help ensure that everyone at Target is abiding by the laws and regulations. Target’s civil responsibility is currently focusing on education. They have set a goal to $1 billion to education by the end of 2015. They have started doing several things like donating books, and providing food pantries for families to help set students, parents, and teachers up for success. They’ve decided to focus on education after gathering information from their customers indicating that that is a popular concern amongst. The EVP also expressed concerns about the reading level and that those who are unable to read by the age of three are less likely to graduate. https://corporate.target.com/corporate-responsibility/education https://corporate.target.com/_media/TargetCorp/csr/pdf/2013-corporate-responsibility-report.pdf

Library and Literature Survey Essay

I here by declare that the Literature Survey entitled â€Å" – – — – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – † is based on the original research work carried out by me for partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Paper No. B-106: Current Problems in Library and Information Science, Department of Library and Information Science, University of Delhi, Delhi. (Designation), Department of Library and Information Science, University of Delhi, Delhi for his meticulous and expert guidance, constructive criticism, patient hearing and benevolent behavior through out my ordeal of the present research. I shall remain grateful to him for his cordial, cooperative attitude, wise and knowledgeable counsel that acted as an impetus in the successful completion of my project work. I would like to particularly thank the Head of the Department ________________ (Name of the HOD) for giving me guidance and inspiration during my study in the department. I never forget the kind help extended by the HOD. It however, not possible for me to forget the kind of help provided by the faculty members, Professor (Mrs. ) S. P. Singh, Dr. Shailendra Kumar, Dr. (Mrs. ) P. K. Walia, Dr. K. P. Singh, Dr. (Mrs.) Meera, and Mr. Manish Kumar. I also convey my thanks to Department Library Staff for extending their support in my study in the department. At last but not least my friends in the department who deserves some words of thanks. ABSEES – American Bibliography of Slavic and East European Studies ACE – Academic Computing Environment AgNIC – Agriculture Network Information Center CD-ROM – Compact Disc Read Only Memory DOAJ – Directory of Open Access Journals DL – Digital Library FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions ICT – Information and Communication Technology ILL – Inter Library Loan LBS -Liverpool Business School LIS Library and Information Science. LISA – Library and Information Science Abstracts OPAC – Online Public Access Catalogue MLA – Modern Language Association of America SOA – Service Oriented Architecture UAEU – United Arab Emirates University USA – United States of America USC – University of Southern California Web OPAC – Web –based Online Public Access Catalogue WLD – World Digital Library iv CONTENTS Page No. Declaration i Certificate ii Acknowledgements iii List of Abbreviations Used iv Contents v Preface Complete List of Journals Core List of Journals. State of the art Report Chapter-1: Introduction 1 -3 1. 1 Introduction 01 1. 2 Purpose of the Literature Survey 1. 3 Objectives of the Literature Survey 1. 4 Scope of the Study 1. 5 Methodology 1. 6 Arrangement of Entries Chapter-2: Theoretical-base containing Introduction, historical development, definitions and sub-headings related to topic Chapter – 3: Bibliography with Abstract Appendix –I: Author Index Appendix –II: Title Index v PREFACE _____________________________________________________________ Add introduction with relevance, need and importance of the topic. This Literature Survey report on â€Å"__________________________ (Title)† has carried out to fulfill the requirements of the Paper- B-106: Current Problems in Library and Information Science for the academic session (20 – – – 20 – -). The presentation of review of literature on ———————————— (Title) and related studies is grouped under Three (3) chapters: Chapter – 1: Introduction Add introduction Chapter – 2: Theoretical-base containing Introduction, historical development, definitions and sub-headings related to topic Add introduction and description of the topic in separate headings. Chapter – 3: Bibliography with Abstract gives complete citation information about the various literatures used in the study with proper abstract according to Modern Language Association of America (MLA) Handbook for writers of research papers, 7th edition. Appendix- I: Author Index with Abstract. This chapter deals with the names of the authors related to references provided in the Chapter-3 of the report i. e. Bibliography with Abstract. All authors in the part are arranged in alphabetically. Appendix- II: Title Index gives at a glance overview of the titles of the articles used in the study and arranged in alphabetical order. vi COMPLETE LIST OF JOURNALS Sr. No. Name of the Journal Page No. 01 Aslib Proceedings 27,31 02 Collection Building 13 03 Community and Junior College Libraries 26 04 DESIDOC Bulletin of Information Technology 32 05 Internet Research 06 Journal of Education and Information Science 31 07 Journal of Library Administration 23 08 Journal of Medical Library Information 21 09 Library Hi Tech News 29,30 10,12,18,21,22, 23,24,26,31,32 10 Library Journal 11 Library Management 12 Library Review 13 New Library World 14 OCLC Systems and Services 27,30 15 Online Information Review 15,26,30,31,32. 16 Program: Electronic Library and Information Systems Reference Services Review 16,17,18,31,32 17 32 9,16,17,19,25,29 16,31 9,20,31 11,14,15,23,29, 30,32 18 The Bottom Line: Managing Library Finance 19 The Electronic Library 32 12,13,14,20,24,25 28,30. 31. 32 20 The TQM Magazine 21 Vine 22 25 Webology 10,11,21,29. 31 22 vii CORE LIST OF JOURNALS Sr. No. Name of the Core Journal Page No. 01 Annals of Library and Information Studies 30 02 Information Age 29 03 Information Development 13 04 Information Outlook 14 05 Information Studies 17,32 06 Information Technology and Libraries. 29,30 07 Journal of Documentation 22,30 08 Library and Information Update viii 11 Chapter –1 INTRODUCTION 1. 1 INTRODUCTION The survey is a recognized and accepted part of the modern society. It is one of the means by which society keeps it informed, away of bringing under central situations of increasing size and complexity of obtaining perceptive and standard of comparison. A survey gives an oversight of a field and is thus distinguishing from a sort of study which consists of a microscopic examination of a turf; it is a map rather than a detailed plan. The survey must be planned before a start is made. 1. 2 PURPOSE OF THE LITERATURE SURVEY The literature review plays a very important role in the research process. It is a source from where research ideas are drawn and developed into concepts and finally theories. It also provides the researcher a bird’s eye view about the research done in that area so far. Depending on what is observed in the literature review, a researcher will understand where his/her research stands. Here in this literature survey, all primary, secondary and tertiary sources of information were searched. The study of literature on ——————————————- (your topic name) in general and in the field of library and information science particular revealed several efforts made by the scholars in different discipline. The purpose of the literature survey is to collect a lot of number of journal’s article about a particular topic like as I have collected — (number) articles of â€Å"————————————(your topic name)† with abstract. The main aim of this collection is to provide a guideline and brief information of researcher, user and other person who want information about this topic. 1 1. 3 OBJECTIVES OF THE LITERATURE SURVEY The main objective of the Literature survey is to: (i) know who writes, what and where about (your topic name); (ii) identify the tools and sources of (your topic name), and (iii) prepare the relevant bibliographic entries with abstract of the related topic. 1. 4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The literature survey is conducted for the period 20– – 20– . It includes the articles of journals, which are subscribed by the Central Library, University of Delhi, Delhi. A search has been conducted on the terms â€Å" —————————-(your topic related keywords†, â€Å" —————–†, in LISA, Emerald, LISTA, Science direct, EBSCO and other database to complete review of literature for the proposed study, including search on e-journals websites. In addition to above searches, bibliography of journal article are also reviewed for more sources as well as websites and consulted various eminent experts. 1. 5 METHODOLOGY For preparing of this literature survey I have taken a lot of steps for collecting the articles about the (your topic name). First Sir/madam, told us about the what is literature survey and what are the steps involved for preparing it. He had given me the topic – â€Å"(your topic name)† for the survey. I went to the department library and central library for collecting articles from journals on my assigned topic. I also consulted electronic resources for collecting articles such as emerald, JCCC@UGC Infonet, Open-Jgate, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), etc. After the verification of the entries of the articles by the supervisor my last was the preparation of the report. 2 1. 6 ARRANGEMENT OF ENTRIES. All the entries of the literature survey are arranged alphabetically by surname of the author according to Modern Language Association of America (MLA) handbook for writers of research papers, 7th edition. The prescribed style is used through out the literature survey report including within the text. All the bibliographical entities including review with abstract and without abstract are presented in the report. Chapter 2 entitled â€Å"———————————— (title of the Chapter-2)† gives the brief insights of the study. 3 Chapter – 2 ————————————————————-. 2. 1 INRODUCTION 4 Chapter – 3 BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACT 1. Aitta, M. R. , Kaleva, S. and Kortelainen, T. â€Å"Heuristic evaluation applied to library web services. † New Library World 109. 1/2 (2008): 25-45. Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to present usability heuristics for the evaluation of public library web services. The applied heuristics are divided into three categories: heuristics critical from the usability viewpoint; heuristics concerning major problems; and heuristics connected to minor usability problems but still important and concerning conventions of web design. The use of the heuristics and the results they give are evaluated to provide a basis for their use in future. 2. Allard, A. â€Å"Library managers and information in world 2. 0. † Library Management 30. 1-2 (2009): 57-68. Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide library managers with the ability to recognize and address World 2. 0 information issues to enhance their ability to develop management plans for the future. This paper explores what World 2. 0 means to library managers in three ways. Three information dimensions are identified using models to examine World 2. 0 in a historical context. An analysis is conducted of the different generations of users in World 2. 0 including their diverse attitudes, beliefs, experiences and skills and how these influence their engagement with the information environment. Four key characteristics of Web 2. 0 are identified through an analysis of Web 2. 0 in relation to World 2. 0. Key findings in this paper are that: three dimensions of information in World 2. 0 exist and can be used by library managers to help them understand the challenges and to facilitate the construction of strategic management plans that address them. Generational and organizational perspectives of World 2. 0 can influence how libraries engage Web 2. 0, and should be considered when library managers make – 9 Appendix – I AUTHOR INDEX Sr. Name of the Author Page No. No. 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Aitta, M. R. 9 Allard, A. 9 Brinkely, M. 10 Byerley, L. S. 10 Chan, B. 11 Cohen, B. L. 11 Cordeiro, M. 11 Crook, E. 12 Curran, K. 12 Dejager, K. 13 Devine, S. 13 Grace Xn, F. 13 Fichter, D. 14 Gosling, M. 14 Harrington, L. D. 14 Henzel, J. 15 Jin, Y. 15 Joint, N. 16 Kapoor, K. 16 Kaur, K. 16 33 Appendix – II TITLE INDEX Sr. No. Title of the Article Page No. 01 24 hours reference services. 11 02 A Library circulation system for city and special libraries. 25 03 A service quality framework for web-based information systems. A strategic planning approach to web site management. 25 A survey of the application of Web 2. 0 in Australian university libraries. A university library laptop lending service: an analysis using two student surveys. A university-wide, library based chat service . 18 08 A web-based, full-text news clipping service from the national informatics centre library in India. 18 09 Accessibility and usability of online library databases. 24 10 Accessibility of web-based databases for non visual users. 10 11 Adding delicious data to your library websites. 29 12 Application of WINISIS/GENISIS software in newspaper. 32 13 Beyond the library’s walls: using Library 2. 0 tools to reach out to all users. Bib web: an Internet training course for public libraries. 23 BMA library online: library development of web-based services & resources. Building participative library services: the impact of social software use in public libraries. Creating fee-based online services: a new role for academic librarians. Development of a library 2. 0 service model for an African Library. 21 04 05 06 07 14 15 16 17 18 38 29 30 29 30 22 26 21.

Internet censorship

Internet censorship Introduction Internet censorship is carried out by governments for many reasons to prevent users from accessing certain sites and sharing information. It restricts Internet users from accessing certain information and also controls what can be published or viewed. It can be used in response to riots, protests and elections, since the internet makes it very easy for events like these to be organized. Internet censorship has been going on for the past decade and has caused rise too lot of controversy. It vanes for different countries and has become a big Issue relating to human rights and redeem.Advantages Internet censorship has many advantages. It can protect citizens from inappropriate content, for example a child will be protected from any websites showing adult content Like pornography. It can also help reduce and prevent Illegal activity. For example, illegally downloading music. It has also been initiated to prevent riots and protests, like with the Arab Spri ng. The Internet made spreading the news of protests and riots very easy, leading to more revolutionary acts. This caused Internet in some of these countries to be completely inaccessible at times.Another advantage is that he chance of online identity theft is reduced, which protects citizens from identity theft happening to them. The amount of spam and viruses Is also less which protects your computer. Disadvantages The main disadvantage of Internet censorship is that it restricts access to information. This violates a human right, which is to be able to gain knowledge. This could also Limit educational resources. The freedom of speech and freedom of self- expression Is also restricted, which are also human rights violations.Internet censorship gives the Government power over Its citizens since they can control what s accessible and what is not. This can allow the Government to manipulate and control people. And even if the Internet censorship is seen as good and successful, many p eople are able to bypass the censorship. For example, by making use of proxy servers. This defeats the whole purpose on censoring the Internet in the first place. Although It may not seem as Important, Internet censorship also widens social gaps. It makes It harder for people to communicate.Censorship systems also cost money, and if they can be bypassed by citizens this makes them a waste of money. Businesses can be negatively impacted too due to not being able to access the best resources and not being accessible themselves. Major parties Involved China has the most strict internet censorship in the world. Internet filtering and censorship in China is referred to as ‘The Great Fire Wall'. Anything discussing the Dalai Lama, Fallen Gong and general websites including Faceable, Twitter and Youth are blocked. All pornographic or politically disruptive content is deleted.Even the Internet access of individuals is monitored. They do this because of many anti-Japanese, anti-polluti on, anti-corruption and ethnic riots which have been organized in the past with the use of Internet. China's Internet police has a size of 30,000. However, some users are able to evade the controlling of the Internet by using proxy servers. North Korea Most people in North Korea are not able to get online. A small amount is able to access an internal Intranet that connects to state media, called Agamemnon, which is highly controlled and censored.Only elite members, foreign residents and visitors in special hotels are allowed full access to the Internet. The Government is in full control of all media outlets and all news comes from one source, The Korean Central News Agency. They control the Internet to be able to control the information given to residents about politics and to be able to make the leaders of North Korea (Kim Gong- IL and Kim Gong-UN) look as good as possible. Cuba Only 5% of Cubans have access to the global Internet. This is due to tight control, high costs and slow connections. 23% have access to a government intranet with limited content.Cuban Internet is out of date due to the US embargo, lack of funding ND the Government's fear of freedom to access all information. Cuban citizens get around the censorship by using embassies, coffee shops or illegally purchasing other people's surnames and passwords who are allowed Internet access. Iran Iran blocks many Western sites like Faceable and Twitter and anything that may oppose politics or show anything sexually explicit. A plan was announced that they were going to create their own fully monitored domestic Internet. But many people believe separating a domestic internet from the worldwide Net completely is not possible.

Company Analysis-Ethics and Social Responsibility(AMAZON) Essay

Company Analysis-Ethics and Social Responsibility(AMAZON) - Essay Example Amazon.com’s ethical standard which is encapsulated in their vision as a company meant doing their job right that in doing their job right, this would be their greatest contribution to the good of society as they lower their prices, expand selection and other initiatives in the future. They also give to the communities where their employees live and their donations are spread throughout nonprofit organization across the United States. They also engage in volunteer works and give grants to the writing community (Amazon b, 2013). This standard of Amazon’s ethical standard is practiced in a way that was elaborated further by its CEO stating that this approach of â€Å"offering customers the lowest prices on virtually any product they wanted and providing a quality customer experience† is the only strategy that will provide long term value for Amazon.com’s customers and shareholders (G.A., 1999) Amazon.com’s ethical standard to be a customer-centric company also extends to their environmental friendly operations. Most of their orders are shipped in â€Å"corrugated containers which on average contain 43% recovered fiber content. Once used, these containers are 100% recyclable for use in the manufacture of other paper products† (Amazon c, 2013).   Large products such as television sets, and other appliance and household items are shipped using paper as packing materials that are 100% recyclable whose content is already 50% recycled (Amazon c, 2013). One of the concrete examples of Amazon’s ethical standard being aligned with their business strategy as a company is best illustrated by its new product Kindle. In an interview with its CEO Jeff Bezo, he stressed that as a company, they do not want to make money out of their hardwares that would make their price prohibitive. This is also consistent with their ethical standard of offering the most cost effective service to their customer with an